Self-lapping fluid pressure control mechanism



July 6, 1954 G. K. NEWELI.

SELF-LAPPING FLUID PRESSURE coNTRoLMEcI-IANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 50 1951 JNVENToR. 67601396' l .Newell BY ATTORNEY July 6, 1954 G. K. NEwE Ll. 2,682,885l

sELF-LAPPING FLUID PRESSURE CONTROL MECHANISM Filed Jan. 30, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 A T TORNE Y July 6, 1954 G. K. NEWELL SELF-LAPPING FLUID PRESSURE CONTROL MECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 30, 1951 IN V EN TOR. George KNwelZ BY ATTORNEY July 6, 1954 G. K. NEwr-:LL 2,682,885

sELR-LAPPING FLUID PRESSURE CONTROL MECHANISM Filed Jan. 30, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. 6601296' fr. Ne well BY i R114 gdm f AT TORNE Y 3 gage the release valve 22, closing communication between chamber I5 and passage 20, and then, through the medium of stem 23, actuate supply valve 24 out of engagement with bushing 36, thereby opening passage 29 to chamber 25 to permit flow of fluid under pressure from chamber 25 to chamber I5. The initial part of inward movement of diaphragm I from this position in which the supply valve 24 is open will cause said supply valve 24 to engage bushing 36, thereby defining a lap position in which both valves 24 and 22 are seated. Further inward movement of diaphragm I0 will cause nut I9 to unseat Valve 22, opening chamber I5 to atmospheric chamber 2 through passage 2G and port 2l and then the various parts just described will again be in the position in which they are shown in Fig. 1.

The follower I8 is provided with an integral coaxial stem 32, which extends through opening El into chamber 2 and terminates at its inner end in a clevis 33 (Fig. 2) for rockable mounting on a shaft 34. A similar follower 35 is provided in chamber for diaphragm 6 and has formed integral therewith a coaxial stem 36, which extends through opening 4 into chamber 2, where it is also rockably mounted on shaft 34 within the clevis 33. It is preferred that the stems 32 and 36 be disposed with their axes at an angle of 90 degrees to each other and at angles of 45 degrees from opposite sides of a vertical plane as shown in Fig. 1, in order to obtain the full range of pressure ratios from 0 to 100 per cent as will be explained more fully hereinafter.

An equalizing, or balancing, strut 31 is rockably mounted at one end on shaft 34, outwardly of clevis 33, while a strut 38 is similarly mounted on the opposite end of said shaft for supporting same. The struts 31 and 38 are in turn rockably supported at their opposite, or lower, ends on a shaft 39 intermediate its ends, the ends of shaft 39 being carried in the lower closed portion of a yoke or supporting member 40. The upper open end of yoke 46 is supported at opposite sides of the two struts on respective stub shafts 4 I, each of which is journaled in one of two opposite inner walls of casing I by means of bearings 42, which are in coaxial alignment with shaft 34 and parallel to the axis of shaft 39.

Formed in a portion of the bottom surface of the yoke 40 is a segment 43 of a wormwheel operatively engaging with a screw-threaded worm 44 formed on a shaft 45, which shaft is journaled at one end in a wall of casing I and extends through an opening in an opposite wall of the casing to the exterior of the device. The outer end of shaft 45 is provided with a crank handle 46 for manually rotating said shaft and thereby rocking yoke 40 on the stub shafts 4I. A snap ring 41 is mounted in a suitable groove 4B in shaft 45 and a friction washer 49 is interposed between said ring and said casing for maintaining said shaft in any selected operating position.

An index pointer 50 is secured by any suitable means, such as rivets 5 I, to the bottom of yoke 40, whence it extends downwardly through the opening 3 in casing I to the exterior thereof. A dial 52 is secured by means of rivets 53 to the bottom of casing I adjacent pointer 50 to enable an operator to determine the position of yoke 40 by the position of pointer 50 relative to dial 52.

Operation-Fig. 1

Let it be assumed initially that handle 46, shaft 45 and yoke 40 are in the positions in which they are shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings and that the pilot, or control, chamber I2 is devoid of fluid under pressure while chamber 25 is charged with fluid under pressure supplied from a suitable source (not shown) through pipe 28 and passage 21. Under these conditions the force of uid pressure in chamber 25 acts on supply valve 24 to effect its closure and, since struts 31 and 33 are rockably mounted on the now stationary yoke 40, the force of gravity acting on and the resilience of the diaphragme 6 and I6 and their rcspective followers 35 and I8 causes said dia phragm and followers to assume positions of equilibrium, or balance, on said struts, as shown in Fig. 1, in which'shafts 34 and 4I are in coaxial alignment. In the position thus assumed the follower nut I9 will be out of seating engagement with release valve 22 and consequently delivery chamber I5, which is open through passage I6 to delivery pipe I1, is connected through passage 20 in nut I9 and port 2I in follower I8 to chamber 2, which chamber is open to atmosphere through opening 3.

If it is now desired to supply fluid under pressure to pipe I1, fluid may be supplied from a control device (not shown) through pipe I4 and passage I3 to pilot chamber I2, wherein it acts on diaphragm 6, causing the diaphragm to exert a force on struts 31 and 38 in a direction for rocking said struts in a clockwise direction about shaft 39, as viewed in Fig. l. When the increase in fluid pressure in chamber I2 establishes a clockwise torque on struts 31 and 38 becomes sufcient diaphragm 6 deflects inwardly and acting through the medium of follower 35 to rock said struts in a clockwise direction on shaft 39. The initial clockwise rocking of the struts 31, 38 brings the follower nut I9 into sealing engagement with the release Valve 22, thereby cutting off the aforementioned connection of chamber I5 with atmosphere and clockwise rocking thereafter acts through the medium of the stem 23 to unseat supply valve 24. Fluid under pressure supplied to chamber 25 is then permitted to flow past valve 24 and through passage 29 to chamber I5, whence it may flow through passages I6 and pipe I1 to a device'to be operated (not shown).

When the pressure of iluid supplied to chamber I5, as just described, is increased to a degree at which the force exerted by diaphragm I6 slightly exceeds the opposing force exerted by diaphragm 6 acting through the medium of the follower 35 and shaft 34, diaphragm IE! deects inwardly, rocking the struts 31, 38 in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. l, and permitting pressure of fluid in chamber 25 to seat supply valve 24, at which time equilibrium is restored with shaft 34 at center in coaxial alignment with stub shafts 4I.

If it is desired to increase the pressure of fluid in pipe I1, uid under pressure may again be supplied through pipe I4 to chamber I2 to increase the pressure of fluid therein acting on diaphragm 6. The device will then operate in the same manner as above described to cause a corresponding increase in pressure of uid in chamber I5, passage I6 and pipe I1.

If it is now desired to reduce the pressure of fluid in pipe I1, fluid under pressure is released from chamber` I2. When the pressure in chamber I2 acting on diaphragm 6 is thus suiciently reduced, with respect to the opposing force of pressure of iluid acting on diaphragm I6 in chamber I5, diaphragm I0 deflects further inward rocking shaft 34 counterclockwise about Shaft, 39 ifrqrnrihe pestinishown cerrrinsfol-. lower-enst; 118; autrici-engagement Awith.release: ommunicaton.

valve liandforenins the ven Vurntler pressure pipe! 1: and. chamber. I 5; to atmosphere. When the Apressure of fluid in deli-Yew .chamber l5l isthus .suiiciently vreduced with respect to the;.contr ol pressure. 0. .1iuid in chamber I2, the ...latter -pressuredefiects diaphragrny 6. inwardly rockinethe Lshaft- 315 clock- Wise ,relative toshaft 39;,and hence movingthe follower nut- I9 intoseatng engagement with.

release valve 22.- Atzthistimeshait 34gis again in, coaxial alignment with istub. ,shafts 4 I If it, is desired to effect a iurtherreduction. in

pressure vin pipe, Iy 1 laiurther reduction ,in pressure is. effected in cham-ber` I2., andthe device.

will then operate to eiect a further reduction in pressure uin. said pipe in the same-,manner as above described. Upon-a. complete release. of

fluid under pressure from chamber I2, diaphragm I9. willmove to and remainin its normalposition to .allow a complete .frelease. ot fluid under` pressure from pipe .II.

It. should here be, understood that while the that, as shown in Fig. 1, the axes. voflthe dia.

phragms 6 and I Il and their respective followers 35 and I8Y lieat'a: xed' angle of. 90' degrees from each other, and each being at an, angle of 45 degrees from the same vertical planjein which themedian lines of the struts`31 and 38. also lie, the ratio between. pilot and delivered pressures in chambers I2" andY i5, respectively, would be 1I to 1v so that the iluid pressures inv chambers I2- and I5 Wou-ld be substantially' the same.

Ii' the operator wishes to obtain delivered fluid in chambery I5 at a pressure which is some partic-v ular deg-ree less than the pilot pressure of' fluid in control' chamber. I2, he may rotate shaft '55"' by means of crank handle v46 in a direction for rocking the yoke lll `counter-clockwise on the stub shafts- LlI and therebyv carry the shaft 39" toward the right-hand side of the device, as Viewed in Fig. l. When the shaft `39 is moved toward the righ-t` hand) from the position inwhich it is shown in the drawing, the moment arm of the; force from the pilot diaphragm 6 is reduced' with respect to that of the force from diaphragm l). l If luidunder pressure is present inchambers I2 and I'5, and'thevalves 22, 24 are in lap position, this vshifting of shaft 39-l toward the right hand will, of course, disturb the state of the previously Y mentioned equilibrium which err-istsY between theopposing forces acting on diaphragms 6, Illand struts l3I., 38 and therebyfvgivel amechanicalf advantage to the force acting on diaphragm I!) since the componentof' theforce exertedV by dia'-A phragm I- through stem 32-on saidstruts in thedirection of diaphragm 5^ acting on stem is in-` creased byreason of the` decrease in angularity between stem 32'andsaid= struts.

As a result of the mechanical advantage just mentioned', diaphragm I01willfdeectinwardly against the pilot pressure'ondiaphragnt rocking thefgstrutss. 31, 38;v counter-clockwise.. about wait-39 andcarrying.followernutft outofseatf;

ngsengagement with release ..valve 22:... Fluid under. pressure in chamber I5; .willthen flow-past valve 22; throughpassagelly and-:port 42I-.r into, chamber 2.,iand thence to. atmosphere through opening: 3 until.k pressure of, huid .in chamber .|15

is, `decreased.below fthat Yinchamlzxer It sufficient to..= permit. diaphragm; Les. .ac-ting; in. response f to iiuidrpressurein .chamber I 2, to rock. struts" 31', L38 clockwise about shaft 39, tereturn1shaft34- to theisimez-position of; coaxialgrelationship; to stub shafts di as `that in- Whichit is shown in Fig 1. Infthisvposition, valves .22, \24 willagain :be: seated and fthe-'device -wilgl be Ainflap lp0sition.. Thus,v

when thewshaft 39,;struts .31, v38t and yoke-,40 are.

displaeed angularlyto positionstor the rightsuchj as; those :indicatedl by broken lines. 55,' 561 and .-5-1, respectivelggl as viewed; in 'Fig .1, the pressureI of delivered. iuidinlch-amberl will be less than til-c pilot` .pressure chamber l2 accordingto the extent of;such-displacement. the proper displacement of shaft39it .will therefore be seen that the *delivered* pressure may be less than the pilot pressure to anyr desired degree.

athe' Operatorwishes. to .obtain iluidLin chamb I' ata pressurev whichis someparticularA degree greaterthan thepilot pressure of fluid in control chamber I2, he; may rotate .shaftyd inra .direction `for rocking, `yolre` 4u:- inia clockwise directiomaboutshaft 34 andtherebycarry shaft' '39.; toward. :the left-hand sidepof the'. devices.. as. In this caseethe moment artnviewedin; Fig. 1. ogthegforce from .the pilotdiaphragm .6 is inlcreased-with respect tothatofthe force..from diaphragm. |20. If fluid under-pressure is presentgyi'n chamberszI-i: and .t5 andvalvesaZL-.ZA are imi-ap, position; y the mechanical-advantage. thus given'to; pilot diaphragm B will permit saidzdia.- phragm to deflect inwardly againstfth-e force. onv diaphragm- I0,.-.rocking struts 31,. :iu-clockwise about shari-133:9 and; actuating. diaphragm i0: outwardly. Outward movement .of diaphragm |10. willi unseat :supply valve. 24, permitting.. uid.

under pressure in supply, chamberl. to: flow to chamber.D I.5 until vthe pressure.- oi fluid in cham,- ber;A acting onY diaphragm I l'I- is sufficient" to: overcome the opposing force of. diaphragm. Ii` and thenf .rock= `struts .31, 38- counter-clockwise ,about shaft 35 .until shaft/311iv is returnedto the position shown inv Fig..1, in which' position valves: 22

24.fwillagain be. in lap position.v Thus, for any 1 given. fluidwpressure in.: chamber:` I2 the pressureof. 1"luid in, chamber I5may be increased anV amount. corresponding .to the .degree of angular displacementof the; yoke 411v toward the lefthand side/:of thefdevice.

With the device in release positionA in which.`

Valve 2.4 is seated-and valve 2,2 vis. unseated, the device may be conditioned prior to supplying fluidunder pressure to control chamber-42 to operate in a similarv manner tosupply fluid under' pressure tol pipe I'I` at any yselectedpressurefproportional! to the pressure in chamberI-Z as gov-- .er-ned by the'angul'ar displacement of yokev Ml, the lattenbeing .determined by the positionofv the pointer 50= on the dial! 52, as will be -clearf'rom thel above description.

Embodz'ment shown. iny Fig'. 3

AThe embodiment shownu inV Fig.. 3` provides mea-ns wherebyl equal angular degreesv of rotation ofan adjustingA handle will-#effect equaldegrees ofi change in the'y ratio between: the'vpressures' in chambers lili-*and I2,

By selecting l In Fig. 3 there is provided a gear segment 60 having gear teeth 6I arranged in an arc having a progressively changing radial length, so that the teeth 6I present in eifect a geared cam surface for matching engagement with teeth 62 provided on a pinion gear 63, the teeth 62 being arranged in an arc having radii of varying lengths to complement the lengths of the radii on said gear segment. A handle 64 is rigidly secured by means of a squared shaft 65 to the pinion gear 63.

The change in the ratio of the radius of the pinion gear 63 to the radius of the gear segment 60 is such, as the corresponding teeth progressively engage upon rotation of the handle 64, as to compensate for the inherent deviation of ratio between the pressure in chambers I5 and I2 from a straight-line characteristic as the ratio is changed, so that equal angular increments of rotation of the handle 64 will produce correspondingly equal increments of change in the pressure of fluid in the delivery pipe I1.

Embodz'ment shown in Fig. 6

Instead of employing fluid under pressure in chamber 5 acting in diaphragm 6 to provide a pilot or control force for the device, such force may, as shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings, be established by a spring 66 operatively mounted in a cover section 61 secured to casing I in place of cover section 1 shown in Fig. 1. IIhe spring 66 is supported at one end on a follower 68 which is substituted for the follower 35 shown in Fig. 1 and at the opposite end on a spring seat 69 which in turn is supported on an adjusting screw 10 adjustably mounted by screw-thread means in the outer end of the cover section. The rest of the device being the same as that shown in Fig. l, no further description at this point is deemed necessary.

In operation, when it is desired to increase the pressure of fluid delivered to pipe I1, the adjusting screw 10 may be rotated in a direction for increasing the compression of the spring 66. This action will cause struts 31, 38 to rock in a clockwise direction about the shaft 35, thereby upsetting the normal equilibrium existing between the forces acting on stems 32, 36, as in the device shown in Fig. l and causing the supply valve 24 to unseat and deliver fluid under pressure to chamber I5 in pipe I1 until the equilibrium is again restored. With the spring pressure remaining constant the pressure of fluid in chamber I5 may be varied by rotating the yoke 40 about the shaft 34 and varying the proportion relation between the forces acting on stems 32, 36 in the same manner as that described in connection with Fig. 1.

Embodz'ment shown in Figs. 4 and 5 Referring now to the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the lower ends of stems 36 and 32 are mounted on shaft 34 in the same manner as shown in Fig. 1. In this modication, however, ball bearings 1I, 12 are mounted on the ends of the shaft 34 and the outer races 13, 14 respectively of said bearings constitute rollers which are adapted to roll on cam surfaces 15, 16, respectively, provided in the upper portions of the respective arms of a yoke 11 corresponding generally to yoke 40 in Fig. 2.

The yoke 11 is rockably mounted at its upper ends on a pair of oppositely arranged studs 18 which are secured in the casing I by screw-thread means so as to extend inwardly toward each other and support said yoke. A pair of pins 19 are secured in the lower portions of the respective arms of the yoke and extend inwardly into suitable axially aligned openings in opposite sides of a swiveling nut which is thereby rockably mounted on said pins.

The swiveling nut 80 has screw-threaded connection with a stem 8| rotatably mounted in a horizontal position in the casing I and having an integral crank handle 82 located exteriorly of the casing. A pair of pins 83 are secured intermediate their ends in stem 8| at opposite sides of a wall of the casing I having an opening 84 through which the stem extends so as to prevent longitudinal shifting of the stem. A pair of washers 84 are interposed between the respective pins 83 and the aforesaid casing wall to reduce friction.

In the operation of the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5, an inwardly directed force exerted ,by the stem 36 on the bearings 1I and 12 causes the rollers 13 and 14 to move to the right as viewed in Fig. 4, on the respective surfaces 15 and 16 which, as shown in Fig. 4 are sloped upwardly in the direction of motion. When the force thus exerted by the rollers 13 and 14 on surfaces 15 and 16 of the yoke 11 becomes suilicient to overcome the opposing force of the stem 32 caused by the natural resilient resistance of diaphragm I0, this force causes said rollers to ride over said surfaces to the right (as viewed in Fig. 4) and to move the stem 32 outwardly. In consequence of this outward movement of stem 32, the follower I9, which is positively connected to said stem, operates to seat valve 22 and unseat valve 24 and thus supply fluid under pressure to pipe I1 and chamber I5 inthe same manner as previously described.

When the pressure of fluid supplied to chamber I5, as just described, is increased to a degree at which the force of diaphragm I0 exceeds the opposing force exerted by diaphragm 6, diaphragm I0 deflects inwardly, causing rollers 13, 14 to return to a balanced position intermediate the ends of surfaces 15, 16 as shown in Fig. 4, and permitting pressure of fluid in chamber I5 to seat supply valve 24.

If it is desired to increase the pressure of fluid in pipe I1, fluid under pressure may again be supplied through pipe I4 to chamber I2 to increase the pressure therein acting on diaphragm 6. The device will then operate in the same manner as above described to cause a corresponding increase in pressure of fluid in chamber I5, passage I6 and pipe I1.

If it is now desired to reduce the pressure of fluid in pipe I1, fluid under pressure is released from chamber I2. When the pressure in chamber I2 acting on diaphragm 6 is thus sulciently reduced, with respect to the opposing force of pressure of fluid acting on diaphragm IIJ, diaphragm I0 deilects further inward, actuating rollers 13, 14 to the left of their balanced positions, as viewed in Fig. 4, carrying follower nut I9 out of engagement with release valve 22 and opening the vent communication past said valve, whereupon fluid under pressure is released from delivery pipe I1 and chamber I5 to atmosphere. When the pressure of fluid is thus sufficiently reduced with respect to the pressure of fluid in control chamber I2, the latter pressure deflects diaphragm 6 inwardly, returning rollers 13, 14 to their balanced positions as shown.

As described in connection with the operation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, if the oper.

'9 ator wishes to'obtain .delivered fluid pressure in chamber vI'ata pressure which is some particular 'degree less than the `pilot .pressure of fluid in control 'chamber '.I'2,'he may rotate stem 8-I by means of crank handle'z in adirectionor rocking the yoke l11 counter-clockwise on the studs 18' thereby increasing theslope oi the camsurfaces 15 and 1K3 relative Vto the line oilactionxoi stem 3.6'. This will, of course, increase the amount of 'force required to be vexerted by the stem 38 nto `obi-.ain'the same corresponding ,iiuid pressure in pipe 'I1 and chamber I5. Ii .liuid under'pressure is .present in chambers I2 Yand I51andthe'valves 22, 2'4.are inlapposition, this rocking lof Ythe yoke `11 in a counter-clockwise direction will, of course, disturb the `state Vor" equilibrium which exists between the opposing forcesof stem 36 and`stem32 and therebygive a m'echanicaladvantage to the force acting' on diaphragm I0.

kAs'a result of' the'mechanical advantage just mentioned, diaphragm I will deflect; inwardly against the pilot pressure on. diaphragm 6, causing 'thesameaction as'that previously described inconnection'witlr release of iluid underpressure from chamber I to atmosphere.

Now if the operator wishes to obtain a deliverednuid in m.chamber I5 at a pressure which is `some particular-degree greater than the pilot pressureof;fiuidincontrol chamber I2, he may rotate thehandle82 inthe direction for rocking yoke' 11'in"a clockwise direction about'the studs 18,"as'viewed-inlig- 4. "In this case themechanical 'advantage ofdiaphragm '6 is increased with respect tto that i of the force of diaphragm I0.

Iffluid under pressure is present in chambers I2"and"l5 and'val'ves22,"24 are inlapposition, the mechanical advantage thus given tothe pilot diaphragm i 6V will' permit. .said diaphragm; to `deflect' against'the Vforce vof diaphragm IIJ, moving thestemf 32"'and the positively connected follower.

nut 'r9 outwardly and therebyrseating'release valve 22 and unseating: supply.' valvev 24. '.This

actionof the jva'lves permits'rluid underpressure in supply chamber 25 toA iiowto chamber |15 until.thepressure'ouid in chamber|5 acting on diaphragmV I9 issui'cient to overcometheopposing force'ofdiaphragm 6 andmoye's the shaft Sqlback to center; position andl the rollers back`l tornidway position"V on i the. cam surfaces '15, 1E. Thus forany given'fluidpressure'. in chamber l2, the `pressure of 'lfluidin chamber 'I5 will be increased. an amount correspondingto the degree of angular 'displacement of 'the yoke 11 toward the left-hand side 'of-the device.

As in-the case of the embodiment shownl in Fig-.1, the device shown inFigs.:4 and1 5 may therefore befadjusted to provide'fluid irr'pipe` I1 at any selected pressure proportional to the pressure` off-pilot pressure in chambera|2 and asidetermined by the angular displacementY of i' theA yoke'11; indicated by the positionof thepointeron the dial 52.

Fig. '7 shows in diagram form .the direction and relative magnitude of the three forces when the yoke 11 is in a vertical position, the direction of the controlor'=pilot force exertedby diaphragm 6 on stem 35 being indicated by each of solid lines 9.0 and 9|, the directionof the determinant force exerted against diaphragm I being indicated by each of solid lines 92 and 93, and the reactive force exerted by strut 11 being indicated by each of solid lines 94 and 95, respectively, with the device in lap position. For the device in applied position the control force is indicated by each of the brokenlines 96 and 91, the determinant force is indicated by each of broken lines` 98 and 5S, the reactive force by the broken lines we and Il, and the displacement of diaphragms by the broken lines IM and |53, respectively. The position of roller` 13 in the same appliedv position as above is indicated by thebroken line I (i4.

Fig. 8 shows a diagram similar to that in Fig. 7. In this case, however, the surface 15 of yoke 'i1 is shown as having been rocked in a counterclockwise direction about the axis of the stud 1a for purposes of comparison as will appear more fully later. llnjlfig. 8 lines |04 and |55 correspond to lines' and 9|, respectively, of Fig. 7 lines |06 and Iii? correspond to lines 92 and 93, respectively; lines i223 and |99 correspond to lines 94 :ended-respectively; lines IID and III correspond to lines S6 and S1, respectively; lines II2 and ||3 correspondto lines 98 and 99, respectively; lines IM and II5 correspond to lines |00 and ISI, respectively; lines IIB and II1 correspond to lines Iii-2 and |63, respectively; and line I I8 corresponds to line |04 of Fig. 7.

It-should beunderstood that-the displacement of fdiaphragrni rand a corresponding displacement of connected roller 13 and diaphragm I@ have been exaggerated over that normally used in the -device solely for purposes of better illustration as will appearbelow. Also, the surface 15 is shown asvfor-rned inan arc of a circle having-9, smaller radius for the same reason.

It will-be noted upon referring to Fig. 7 that .even with the exaggerations shown the delivery required to oppose'the control force increases as the rollerIIl! moves from applied position indicated :by the brokenv line IM to lap position indicated atf13.

The above noted conditions are highly desirable in order that overcastingbe prevented upon operation ofgtheroller'lsl from its applied positionindicated Vin Fig. '1 by broken line |04 to its lapV position, overcastingr being that undesirable condition in which the parts of the device, instead of stopping'indap position, continue into release position, thereby reducing the delivery pressure below the proper balancing pressure, whereuponv another .applicationvis effectedfan'd the cycle isrepeated. However, as just noted,Y

sincethe opposing; forcesin the device shown in Figs..4 and 5- remain substantially in equilibrium as the parts are operated .toward'lap position, developingqa islight increasing opposition to this movement as the parts approach lap position, it will -beV apparent from the diap'hragms shown'in Figs. 'Tand-8. that possibilities of overcasting are practically eliminated.

With the yoke 11 disposed .in an angular position suchasv that indicated by line. IIJB in Fig. 8, itfwill. readilyl be seen that that portion of line I Ii.z cutofbyilines. III `and H5 isless than the corresponding portion of line 99 cut ofi` by lines 91 and IBI in Fig. '7 when the yoke is disposed in a vertical position as in Fig. 7. Thus, the greater the angularity of yoke 11 in a counter-clockwise direction, the less will be the force required to be exerted along line I I3 to balance the force exerted along the line III and consequently the less will be the pressure of fluid in chamber I5 and pipe H. Also, the greater the angularity of yoke 'il in a clockwise direction, the greater will be the force required to be exerted along the line H3 to obtain the same result. `Furthermore, by comparing the forementioned portion of line I I3 with that portion of line |97 cut off by lines |05 and H99 it will be seen that, as the parts move in the direction of lap position, there is a slight increasing opposition developed similar to that pointed out in connection with Fig. 7 in order to preclude the forementioned overcasting.

Summary From the above description it will now be seen that I have provided an improved self-lapping fluid pressure control mechanism adapted to deliver fluid under pressure to a device to be ope ated. The pressures to be delivered are balanced against and varied with those in a control charnber, the proportion of delivered pressure being determined by one of several forms of a novel mechanism which varies angles of thrust to vary the proportion and is readily and easily adjusted by hand,

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A control mechanism comprising in combination, a casing, a support member adjustably mounted at one end in said casing, a strut rockably supported at one end in the other end of said support member, one movable abutment means subject to pressure of fluid in one chamber and pivotally connected to the other end of said strut at a particular angle relative to said strut, another movable abutment means subject to pressure of fluid in another chamber for opposing pressure of uid in said one chamber, selflapping valve means directly operable by said other movable abutment means to provide fluid in said other chamber at pressures varying with the variations of fluid pressure in said one chamber, said other movable abutment means being also pivotally connected to said other end of said strut at another particular angle to said strut for balancing against said one movable abutment means, and means for adjusting said support member and thereby said strut relative to both of said movable abutments whereby the angularity of one movable abutment means relative to said strut is varied While the angularity of the other movable abutment means relative to said strut is varied a complementary degree.

2. A control mechanism comprising in combination, one movable abutment means subject to a control pressure and comprising a thrust member, another movable abutment means subject to pressure of fluid in a chamber and comprising a thrust member disposed at a xed angle to the rst mentioned member, self -lapping valve means directly operable by said other movable abutment means in accordance with variations in said control pressure to eiect proportional variations in pressure of fluid in said chamber, balancing means comprising a strut having a particular angular relation to the axes of said thrust members in which a particular ratio is established between said forces when balanced and movable to an-. other angular relation to the axes of said thrust members to establish a change from said particular ratio to another ratio when said forces are balanced corresponding to the degree of angular displacement of said strut, and means for actuating said strut from said particular angular relation to said other angular relation.

3. A control mechanism comprising in combination, a link, an adjustable pvot for one end of said link, means for adjusting said pivot, a pair of thrust elements arranged at substantially right angles to each other, pivot means arranged with its axis parallel to that of said adjustable pivot pivotally connecting adjacent ends of said elements to the opposite end of said link, means for applying a control force to one of said thrust elements in a direction toward said pivot means, a movable abutment connected to the other thrust element operable by uid under pressure in a direction toward said pivot means to oppose the thrust of said one thrust element, and selflapping valve means directly operable by movement of said movable abutment to provide uid pressure on said abutment to a sufiicient degree to balance the thrust of said rst thrust element.

4. A control mechanism comprising, in combination, a fluid pressure supply chamber, a fluid pressure delivery chamber, self-lapping valve means operable to control flow of fluid under pressure from said supply chamber to said delivery chamber, one movable abutment means subject to pressure of fluid in said delivery chamber adapted to engage and operatively control said valve means and comprising a thrust member, a pilot pressure chamber, a second movable abutment means responsive to pressure of fluid in said pilot pressure chamber for actuating said second movable abutment means and comprising a thrust member pivotally connected to the rst mentioned thrust member at a certain angle, balancing means comprising a strut having a particular angular vrelation to the axes of said thrust members in which a particular ratio is established between pressures in said delivery and pilot chambers when balanced and movable to another angular relation to the axes of said thrust members to establish a change from said v particular ratio to another ratio corresponding to the degree of angular displacement of said strut, and means for displacing said strut angularly relative to the aXes of said thrust members.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date l 972,689 Gillespie Oct. 11, 1910 1,746,130 Ruhling Feb. 4, 1930 2,088,185 Borde July 27, 1937 2,162,133 Spire June 13, 1939 2,204,530 Eaton June 11, 1940 2,352,312 Donaldson June 27, 1944 2,487,266 Newell Nov. 8, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 756,738 France Sept. 25, 1933 

